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The primary difference between retailers and wholesalers is that


A) retailers sell consumer goods, while wholesalers sell industrial goods.
B) retailers operate in local areas, while wholesalers operate over a wide geographic area.
C) retailers sell to final consumers, while wholesalers sell to other organizations, such as retailers or manufacturers.
D) retailers have sales of less than $100 million, while wholesalers have sales of $100 million or more.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Although there have been some unethical firms involved in multilevel marketing, this form of retailing remains quite successful for some.

A) True
B) False

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Retail distribution strategies can take three different forms. Identify the three forms and give examples of products that would be marketed using each strategy.

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The three categories of retail distribut...

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Sherwin Williams owns its manufacturing sites as well as over 3,000 retail stores in North America. Sherwin Williams exemplifies a


A) selective distribution system.
B) contractual distribution system.
C) administered distribution system.
D) corporate distribution system.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Drop shippers are limited function wholesalers that typically put together many small shipments to form a single larger shipment.

A) True
B) False

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Producers of snack foods (such as candy bars or potato chips) are most likely to use a(n) ________ distribution strategy for their products.


A) intensive
B) exclusive
C) selective
D) restrictive

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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The sale of goods to a business purchasing the items for resale is a wholesale transaction.

A) True
B) False

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In today's competitive market environment, traditional retailers will need to put more emphasis on providing form and place utility, and less emphasis on service utility.

A) True
B) False

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One drawback of kiosks is that their high overhead costs result in low profit margins.

A) True
B) False

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Book Binders is a nationwide chain of stores that offers such a huge selection of books at such competitive prices that small, local bookstores struggle to compete with them. Book Binders is best classified as a discount store.

A) True
B) False

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Miner's Coal Distributors does not mine coal itself, nor does it even store or handle the coal. Instead, Miner's solicits orders for low sulfur coal from other firms, then purchases the required amount from suppliers and directs them to ship the coal to its customers. What is Miner's?


A) drop shipper
B) resource delivery facilitator
C) cash-and-carry wholesaler
D) limited distribution broker

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Which of the following statements about wholesaler-sponsored chains is most accurate?


A) In a wholesaler-sponsored chain, all stores are independently owned, but cooperate as a unified system of stores.
B) In a wholesaler-sponsored chain, all stores act independently except for an agreement to share the costs associated with distribution.
C) In a wholesaler-sponsored chain, all stores are owned by a single wholesaler, but operate under separate management.
D) In a wholesaler-sponsored chain, all stores share profits and losses according to a contractual arrangement.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Marketing intermediaries


A) add value that exceeds the cost of their services.
B) add cost that exceeds the value they provide.
C) increase the number of exchange relationships in the channel.
D) complicate the distribution process.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Marketers provide a total of four types of utility: primary, secondary, marginal, and total.

A) True
B) False

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An effective channel of distribution does more than simply ensure that goods are transported efficiently from producer to buyer.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following statements about marketing intermediaries is true?


A) All channels of distribution must contain at least one marketing intermediary.
B) Marketing intermediaries and their functions can be eliminated.
C) Marketing intermediaries survive because they can perform marketing functions faster and more cheaply than producers and consumers.
D) The costs added to products by marketing intermediaries usually exceed the value they add to products.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Cesar claims he found a definite way to save money, "Buy direct from the manufacturer. Any time intermediaries get involved, you'll pay a higher price. After all, every intermediary involved in the marketing process must charge enough to earn a profit." What do you make of Cesar's claim?


A) It is entirely correct. Intermediaries must charge a high enough price for the activities they perform to earn a profit, so using intermediaries must result in a higher price.
B) It is impractical, because in most markets the distribution process is so complex that it is impossible to determine who the actual producer really is.
C) It is not valid in many cases. Intermediaries do add costs to products, but they also create value by performing marketing functions efficiently. In many cases the value they create more than offsets the costs they add.
D) It is never true. Markets that make use of intermediaries can always provide goods at lower cost than those that rely on direct distribution.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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In the terminology of multilevel marketing, downliners


A) are the intermediaries who are responsible for handling the shipping of goods down the channel of distribution from the producer to the retailer.
B) are salespeople who have been recruited by other salespeople known as upliners to market the product.
C) sell through a telemarketing arrangement, while upliners use direct selling.
D) are experienced salespeople who are allowed to sell in more than one franchise area by the distributor.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Marketing costs make up less than 25 percent of the total cost of the goods consumers buy.

A) True
B) False

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The costs added by marketing intermediaries usually outweigh the value they create.

A) True
B) False

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