Question 1

The primary goal of dietary management of type 2 diabetes mellitus is to

Accepted Answer

A)   achieve a healthy body weight.
B)   eat regular meals.
C)   maintain a constant ratio of carbohydrate to protein to fat throughout the day.
D)   avoid sugar.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

The symptoms of diabetes may occur suddenly and may include

Accepted Answer

A)   extreme thirst and excessive urination.
B)   chronic insomnia.
C)   sudden weight gain.
D)   decrease in appetite.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Carbohydrate digestion begins in the

Accepted Answer

A)   mouth.
B)   stomach.
C)   small intestine.
D)   pancreas.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 4

The natural alternative sweetener derived from a South American plant is called

Accepted Answer

A)   aspartame (Equal®) .
B)   saccharin (Sweet-n-Low®) .
C)   sucralose (Spenda®) .
D)   stevia (Sweet Leaf®, Truvia®) .E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Which of the following is categorized as soluble fiber?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pectin
B)   Cellulose
C)   Hemicellulose
D)   LigninE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Match the following with the descriptions below.
-Disaccharide

Accepted Answer

A)  Fibers that mostly do not dissolve in water and are not fermented by intestinal bacteria
B)  Class of sugars formed by chemically linking two monosaccharides
C)  Fibers that either dissolve or swell in water and are fermented by bacteria in the large intestine
D)  The simplest form of carbohydrateE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Glycogen is

Accepted Answer

A)   a highly branched polysaccharide.
B)   stored in the absence of dietary carbohydrate.
C)   a straight chain of glucoses linked together.
D)   a hormone for blood glucose regulation.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 8

________ is the major monosaccharide found in the body.

Accepted Answer

A)   Fructose
B)   Glucose
C)   Lactose
D)   SucroseE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Match the alternative sweeteners with their unique characteristics.
-Aspartame

Accepted Answer

A)  Also known as Nectresse™, this sweetener is an extract of the monk fruit. It is 100 to 250 times sweeter than sucrose.
B)  Also known as Sweet 'N Low®, this is the oldest alternative sweetener that yield no energy. It is 200 to 700 times sweeter than sucrose.
C)  Also known as Sunette®, this sweetener is an organic acid linked to potassium. It is 200 times sweeter than sucrose.
D)  Also known as Truvia® or Sweet Leaf®, this sweetener is derived from a South American plant. It is 200 to 400 times sweeter than sucrose.
E)  Also known as Equal®, this alternative sweetener is composed of 2 amino acids and methanol. It is approximately 200 times sweeter than sucrose.F) Also known as Spenda®, this sweetener is made by attaching chlorine molecules to sucrose. It is approximately 600 times sweeter than sucrose.G) E) and F)
H) A) and B)

Question 10

Match the following with the descriptions below.
-Fasting hypoglycemia

Accepted Answer

A)  Chronically high blood sugar that is due to lack of insulin production
B)  Low blood glucose that follows a meal high in simple sugars
C)  Chronically high blood sugar that is due to insulin resistance
D)  Low blood glucose that follows a day or so of fastingE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Match the alternative sweeteners with their unique characteristics.
-Stevia

Accepted Answer

A)  Also known as Nectresse™, this sweetener is an extract of the monk fruit. It is 100 to 250 times sweeter than sucrose.
B)  Also known as Sweet 'N Low®, this is the oldest alternative sweetener that yield no energy. It is 200 to 700 times sweeter than sucrose.
C)  Also known as Sunette®, this sweetener is an organic acid linked to potassium. It is 200 times sweeter than sucrose.
D)  Also known as Truvia® or Sweet Leaf®, this sweetener is derived from a South American plant. It is 200 to 400 times sweeter than sucrose.
E)  Also known as Equal®, this alternative sweetener is composed of 2 amino acids and methanol. It is approximately 200 times sweeter than sucrose.F) Also known as Spenda®, this sweetener is made by attaching chlorine molecules to sucrose. It is approximately 600 times sweeter than sucrose.G) B) and D)
H) E) and F)

Question 12

When blood glucose levels drop below normal, hormones signal the breakdown of ________, which releases glucose into the blood.

Accepted Answer

A)   stored fat
B)   liver glycogen
C)   amino acids from muscle
D)   ketonesE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Which of the following is a true statement about the effects of sugar?

Accepted Answer

A)   Prolonged exposure of the teeth to simple sugars from snacks and drinks promotes dental caries.
B)   A high-sugar diet causes hyperactivity among children.
C)   A high sugar intake is not problematic as long as the overall diet is low in fat.
D)   Natural sources of sugar, like honey, are lower in calories than their processed counterparts, such as high fructose corn syrup.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 14

Dietary fibers primarily are

Accepted Answer

A)   polysaccharides.
B)   polypeptides.
C)   disaccharides.
D)   monosaccharides.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 15

The hormone ________ is released from the pancreas when blood glucose is elevated above a normal range.

Accepted Answer

A)   glucagon
B)   insulin
C)   thyroxine
D)   glycogenE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

The scientific name for milk sugar is

Accepted Answer

A)   maltose.
B)   glucose.
C)   mannose.
D)   lactose.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

________ is a condition in which one lacks the enzyme lactase. Symptoms include gas and bloating after consuming dairy products.

Accepted Answer

A)   Milk allergy
B)   Celiac disease
C)   Lactose intolerance
D)   GalactosemiaE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 18

______ are pouches that protrude through the exterior wall of the large intestine.

Accepted Answer

A)   Ulcers
B)   Diverticula
C)   Colonostomies
D)   HerniasE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 19

Which hormone corrects a hyperglycemic state?

Accepted Answer

A)   Insulin
B)   Epinephrine
C)   Cortisol
D)   GlucagonE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Which of the following describes the process of starch digestion?

Accepted Answer

A)   Starch to lactose to galactose
B)   Starch to maltose to glucose
C)   Starch to glycogen to glucose
D)   Starch to sucrose to fructoseE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Exam 4: Carbohydrates

________ is a condition in which one lacks the enzyme lactase. Symptoms include gas and bloating after consuming dairy products.

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Which of the following is categorized as soluble fiber?

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Match the following with the descriptions below. -Fasting hypoglycemia

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Glycogen is

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Carbohydrate digestion begins in the

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The symptoms of diabetes may occur suddenly and may include

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The scientific name for milk sugar is

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Match the following with the descriptions below. -Disaccharide

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Match the alternative sweeteners with their unique characteristics. -Stevia

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Which of the following describes the process of starch digestion?

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________ is the major monosaccharide found in the body.

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Which hormone corrects a hyperglycemic state?

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The hormone ________ is released from the pancreas when blood glucose is elevated above a normal range.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The natural alternative sweetener derived from a South American plant is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dietary fibers primarily are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When blood glucose levels drop below normal, hormones signal the breakdown of ________, which releases glucose into the blood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary goal of dietary management of type 2 diabetes mellitus is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the alternative sweeteners with their unique characteristics. -Aspartame

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______ are pouches that protrude through the exterior wall of the large intestine.

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Which of the following is a true statement about the effects of sugar?

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